منابع مشابه
Lewis's 'causation as Influence'
In his ‘Causation as Influence’, David Lewis proposed a counterfactual theory of cause which was designed to improve on his previous account. Here I offer counter-examples to this new account, involving early preemption and late preemption, and a revised account, which is no longer an influence theory, that handles those counter-examples. Lewis’s new account attempts to resort to aspect influen...
متن کاملCausation, influence, and effluence
Lewis proposes that C causes E iff C stands in the ancestral of counterfactual influence1 to E. C stands in the ancestral of counterfactual influence to E iff there is a chain of events D1, D2, ... , Dn (for n ≥ 0) such that C influences D1, D1 influences D2, ... , Dn influences E. Some unpacking: C influences E iff (i) C and E are actual distinct events, and (ii) there is a substantial range C...
متن کامل1 Downward Causation without Foundations
Emergence is interpreted in a non-dualist framework of thought. No metaphysical distinction between the higher and basic levels of organization is supposed, but only a duality of modes of access. Moreover, these modes of access are not construed as mere ways of revealing intrinsic patterns of organization: They are supposed to be constitutive of them, in Kant’s sense. The emergent levels of org...
متن کاملOverlappings: Probability-raising without causation
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متن کاملTop-down causation without top-down causes
We argue that intelligible appeals to interlevel causes (top-down and bottom-up) can be understood, without remainder, as appeals to mechanistically mediated effects. Mechanistically mediated effects are hybrids of causal and constitutive relations, where the causal relations are exclusively intralevel. The idea of causation would have to stretch to the breaking point to accommodate interlevel ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Erkenntnis
سال: 2011
ISSN: 0165-0106,1572-8420
DOI: 10.1007/s10670-011-9329-4